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LONDON BOROUGH OF HOUNSLOW DRAFT FIRST STAGE REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT OF AIR QUALITY
Prepared in accordance with the DETR framework for review and assessment of air quality, Part IV of the Environment Act 1995, Local Air Quality Management LAQM.G1(97) dated December 1997. July 1999
CONTACTS Rob Gibson & Peter Robson Strategic Pollution Officer Environmental Officer 0208 862 6977 0208 862 6465 Strategy and Service Quality Environmental Services Department London Borough of Hounslow Civic Centre, Lampton Road Hounslow TW3 4DN
FOREWORD
Hounslow Council and its forbears have been involved with the promotion of cleaner air since the Government first gave Local Authorities responsibility for enforcing the Clean Air Acts which were introduced in 1956 and 1968. We continue to be responsible for the enforcement of these laws by virtue of the Clean Air Act of 1993, and have effected significant improvements in the quality of the air in Hounslow.
On the wider front, London is no longer choked by the smogs which resulted from domestic coal-burning and local coal-fired power stations until the 1960s when gas and electricity became the main fuels. Now pollution comes principally from the use of motor vehicles, aircraft and industrial sources. In the 1990's the Government recognised that the type of air pollution had changed and in certain areas, improvements would be required beyond those likely to be achieved by the introduction of technological change. This action was required to safeguard human health.
In response to this, the Environment Act 1995 passed through parliament. Contained within its provisions was the framework for the United Kingdom National Air Quality Strategy (UK NAQS), incorporating the review and assessment of air quality based on health related standards and objectives, the declaration of air quality management areas where the objectives will not be achieved in 2005, and the formulation of the associated action plans designed to reduce air pollution to below the air quality objective.
This report outlines the first stage of this process.
Hounslow Council will not be able to make wholesale changes in the air pollution levels on its own. The only way improvements will be made is by everyone playing their part. This may be done by more people walking, cycling or using public transport instead of using, solely their cars. In the case of business, this may be done for example by, introducing interest free loans for public transport season tickets, introducing green travel plans and using their vehicle fleet in the most efficient and environmentally friendly way possible.
Finally, we wish to hear from you. The air quality review and assessment process is by its nature one where all individuals and organisations are involved. So, if you have any comments or suggestions on this report please write to us at the Civic Centre. Whilst comments are welcome at any time we would be grateful if specific comments on this report could be sent in by 1st September 1999.
Councillor Valerie Lamey John Evans
Chair of Environmental Services Director of Environmental Services
This report presents Hounslow’s First Stage Review and Assessment of air quality in the borough as required by the Environment Act 1995, and in accordance with the Air Quality Regulations 1997.
The assessment process is to take place in three stages, firstly a data gathering exercise, secondly a further rough screening using mathematical formulae (optional) and thirdly a modelling exercise using sophisticated computer software. All three stages are to be completed by end of 1999.
For the first stage assessment, boroughs are required to investigate the current air pollution from all sources (traffic, industry, and any major new developments) for seven pollutants which are carbon monoxide, benzene, 1,3 butadiene, lead, nitrogen dioxide, particulates as PM10, and sulphur dioxide.
It is a further requirement to determine whether these pollutants are likely to reduce to the required "objective levels" by year 2005. If this is not considered to be the case, then it will be necessary to take the assessment further by stages two (optional) and three (obligatory) in order to quantify those localities where it is predicted that the air quality objectives will not be met. These areas will then be designated as " air quality management areas", for which action plans will be developed.
In Hounslow, most air pollution is primarily traffic derived as the borough is traversed by major routes into London. This report gives details of roads where the traffic volumes are estimated to result in significant emissions of carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and fine dust.
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Heathrow Airport on the western boundary of the borough is also considered a significant source of pollution due to the activities associated within its boundary and the traffic it generates. |
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Analysis of currently authorised processes (part A and part B) is also given. |
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In addition, an inventory of recent and future developments has been compiled where these may affect air quality. |
The report concludes that benzene will initially require a second stage review, but because .of the significance of emissions established in this first stage report, it is proposed to undertake the third stage directly for carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, fine dust and sulphur dioxide.
From the analysis, no further action is required for 1,3-butadiene and lead.
CONTENTS
Foreword
Executive Summary1.0 INTRODUCTION
Hounslow in Context
The Review and Assessment Process2.0 REGULATORS AND SOURCES OF DATA
Traffic Related Pollution
Industrial Processes
-Part A Processes
-Part B Processes
Planning Matters and Future Developments
Heathrow Terminal 5 Inquiry
Other Data Sources
Acknowledgements3.0 FIRST STAGE REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT
Carbon monoxide
Benzene
1,3-butadiene
Lead
Nitrogen dioxide
Particulates as PM10
Sulphur dioxide4.0 CONCLUSIONS
5.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY
6.0 GLOSSARY OF TERMS
7.0 APPENDICES
I Traffic volumes data
Figure 1A - Traffic Monitoring Sites
II Part A Processes
III Part B Processes
IV Future Developments
V UK National Air Quality Strategy Standards and Objectives
VI Contact Details
FIGURES
1 Location Map
2 Part A Processes
3 Part B Processes excluding Petrol Stations
4 Part B Processes, Petrol Stations
5 Recent and Future developments
6 Traffic 50,000 AADF in year 1997 for CO
7 Traffic 50,000 AADF projected to year 2005 for CO
8 Esso Fuel Tank Farm south of Heathrow
9 Traffic 20,000 AADF in year 1997 for NO2
10 Traffic 20,000 AADF projected to year 2005 for NO2
11 Traffic 25,000 AADF in year 1997 for PM10
12 Traffic 25,000 AADF projected to year 2005 for PM10
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Hounslow in Context
Hounslow is a London Borough situated directly to the east of Heathrow Airport (figure 1). It covers an area of approximately 23 square miles with a population of about 204,000. There are approximately 83,000 dwellings, with sixty four schools and a major hospital. The Borough has within its boundary some of the busiest roads in Europe namely the A4 and the M4.
The Review and Assessment Process
The review and assessment process will take place in three stages outlined below
First Stage Review
This consists of an initial screening of industrial, transport and other sources of pollutants which have a significant impact within an authority’s borders. Each authority should compile and collate information on any existing or proposed significant source of pollution within its area. Sources outside the authority’s area which could affect it will also be included.
This report is concerned with this first stage.
Second Stage Review
This is required where the risk of exceeding the objective for the year 2005 is likely for the pollutants of concern. The second stage review can be done by projecting current monitoring data and by using screening models such as those included in the "Design Manual For Roads and Bridges". If this work indicates that relevant air quality objectives will not be achieved by year 2005 then, the third stage review must be done.
Local Authorities may elect to omit the second stage and go directly to the third stage if significant emissions are identified during the first stage.
Third Stage Review
This involves a detailed and accurate air quality review and assessment using appropriate monitoring, modelling and emission inventories. Should the results indicate that the objectives for year 2005 (Appendix V) are not likely to be met at certain localities, then the local authority must designate Air Quality Management Areas and within one year prepare "Action Plans" to alleviate the situation.
The first round of the Review and Assessment process is to be completed by 2000 with at least one additional round completed before the year 2005.
Figure 1 Location Map
2.0 Regulators and Sources of Data
Traffic Related Pollution
The Local Authority is responsible for the maintenance of most of the roads in the borough, except for the major motorways and trunk routes which are administered by the Highways Agency.
Recent vehicle movements on the Borough’s more major roads have been calculated by Traffic and Parking Group in Environmental Services Department. The data has been extrapolated forward in time (using DETR recommended formulae) to year 2005 to give an indication of traffic increase. The periodic traffic census points and both recent and projected traffic values are given in Appendix I.
Industrial Processes
The responsibility for regulating potentially air polluting processes was placed on two authorities by the Government in the Environmental Protection Act of 1990 (EPA 1990).
The Environment Agency is responsible for the major industrial processes such as Power Stations, incinerators and refineries defined in Environmental Protection Act of 1990 (EPA 1990) as part "A" processes. Local Authorities are responsible under the same act for the part "B" processes such as the petrol filling stations, road stone coating processes and car spraying units, etc.
Part A Processes.
The Environment Agency have carried out a review of part A Processes which might affect western London and have supplied this to the relevant boroughs to assist their respective air quality assessments. The location of the only process within the Borough boundary shown in figure 2 and the data on which it is based is given in Appendix II. The location of part A processes nearby is also given in Appendix II.
Part B Processes
The Borough’s list of part B processes is maintained by the Neighbourhood Enforcement Group of Environmental Services Department. Their distribution in the Borough is shown on figures 3 "part B Processes excluding petrol Stations" and figure 4 "part B Processes, Authorised Petrol Stations" and details are given in Appendix III. The significance of these is considered in the report.
Planning Matters and Future Developments
Local Authorities have responsibility for controlling development via the planning process and are obliged to give due consideration to air quality matters when determining applications. Data on future major developments in the borough have been obtained from the Development Control Team in the Planning section of the Environmental services Department. The locations are shown on figure 5 with details in Appendix IV.
Heathrow Airport Terminal 5 Inquiry
The London Borough of Hounslow lies directly to the east of Heathrow Airport. This is the busiest airport in the world and is a major source of air pollution. In 1993 BAA applied to the local planning authority (London Borough of Hillingdon) for planning permission to build a fifth terminal at the airport. In the subsequent public inquiry air quality issues were discussed extensively, both in the Air Quality Joint Data Group (set up at the request of the Inspector to discuss particular technical issues and the inquiry itself).
A number of documents were produced by the Joint Data Group, BAA, the Highways Agency and the Local Authorities. Information from some of these documents has been reproduced within this report.
Other Data Sources
Additional information has been obtained from a variety of sources including the London Research Centre’s emissions inventory, the world wide web and other Local Authority records. All sources of data are referenced throughout the report. The National Air Quality Strategy objectives are given in the table, Appendix V.
Acknowledgement
From the foregoing it is apparent that the data for this assessment has been gathered from several different sources, all of which are acknowledged with thanks.
Figure 2 Part A Processes
Figure 3 Part B Processes ( Excluding Petrol Stations)
Figure 4 Part B Processes (Petrol Stations)
Figure Future Developments
3.0 FIRST STAGE REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT
As stated in the introduction, the first stage of the review and assessment process is mainly concerned with compiling a list of current sources of pollution, and in predicting future ones.
The following is the first stage of the review and assessment process for Hounslow as required by the Environment Act 1995.
Details are given in terms of :-
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pollutant emissions, the weight of the particular pollutant emitted expressed as grams, kilograms or tonnes; |
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concentrations, the level of pollution expressed as for example parts per million, parts per billion or microgrammes per cubic metre |
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the volume of road traffic where this is considered to be a significant indicator for certain air pollutants. |
A brief description of the health effects of the pollutants of concern is given with each assessment.
CARBON MONOXIDE
Why Are We Concerned about Carbon Monoxide?
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colourless and odourless gas formed by the incomplete combustion of carbon containing fuels. The chief source in the UK is petrol engined vehicles and concentrations are therefore highest near to heavily trafficked roads. Human exposure results in raised levels of carboxylhaemoglobin in the blood, which replaces the normal oxygen carrier haemoglobin in red blood cells, and interferes with the processes which transport oxygen round the body and by blocking essential biochemical reactions in cells. At lower levels of exposure, effects on the heart can occur in coronary artery disease sufferers and those subject to angina attacks. In some cases mental activity and hand to eye co-ordination can also be impaired.
EPAQS (Expert Panel on Air Quality Standards) have recommended a standard of 10 ppm as a running 8 hour average at non-occupational near-ground outdoor locations. This recommendation was adopted by the government within the Air Quality Regulations 1997.
Review and Assessment of Carbon Monoxide.
Traffic
Road links with current or projected annual average daily traffic flows greater than 50,000 are considered to be emitters of significant quantities of carbon monoxide.
Current
From vehicle monitoring data provided by the Traffic team in Environmental Services Department it is seen that several roads in the borough currently exceed 50,000 AADF (figure 6) and therefore are considered to be significant emitters of carbon monoxide. They comprise the M4 along the northern boundary of the borough particularly at Heston and Brentford, with its extension as the A4 through Chiswick and parts of the A312 and A316.
Year 2005 projected.
Based on predictions of likely traffic increase by year 2005 it has been possible to estimate roads exceeding 50,000 AADF (figure 7). They include those currently listed above plus the A30 Great South West Road between Clockhouse Roundabout and Hatton, the section of the A4 Great West Road between Heston and Brentford, and the A406 Gunnersbury Avenue in Chiswick.
Urban Background Level
1998 carbon monoxide background values in the borough range from 3.5 ppm in the west to 6.0 ppm in the east (http://www.aeat.co.uk/netcen/airqual).
Emissions from Industrial Processes (see Appendix II
& III)
Carbon Monoxide Emissions From Part "A" Processes
Chemviron Carbon Ltd, Kempton Park Water Treatment Works, Feltham Hill Road is the only part A process within the Borough boundary. This is not considered to make a significant contribution to the level of carbon monoxide locally.
The data provided by the Environment Agency indicates that there are no other significant sources of carbon monoxide from industrial processes locally.
Carbon Monoxide Emissions From Part "B" Processes.
The part B processes within the Borough are not considered to make a significant contribution to the level of carbon monoxide locally.
Other part "B" processes in the surrounding boroughs do not have a significant impact on the carbon monoxide level within the borough.
Major Planned New Developments
Details of new developments are given in Appendix IV, none of which are considered to be significant sources of carbon monoxide.
Other Significant Sources Of Carbon Monoxide
The 1993 emission inventory produced for the Heathrow Terminal 5 Inquiry estimated that in excess of 8157 tonnes of carbon monoxide was emitted from within the airport boundary (BAA 821). This is considered significant.
Surveys Or Investigations Undertaken To Obtain Information To Compile The Report.
The information shown above was derived from exiting sources.
Conclusion
The London Borough of Hounslow does have, and is predicted to have significant emissions of carbon monoxide from roads which may lead to the UK NAQS objective for carbon monoxide being exceeded.
It is therefore necessary to proceed to a stage three review and assessment of carbon monoxide.
Figure 6 Traffic 50,000 ADDF in 1997 (for CO)
Figure 7 Traffic 50,000 AADF in 2005 (for CO)
BENZENE
Why Are We Concerned about Benzene?
Benzene is a human carcinogen with long term health effects, which include non-lymphocytic leukaemia. Official policies to control concentrations in ambient air adopt a risk management approach, aiming at attaining levels where the risk to health is very small.
EPAQS have recommended a standard of 5ppb as an annual mean. This recommendation was adopted by the government within the Air Quality Regulations 1997.
Review and Assessment of Benzene
Emissions from Industrial Sources (Appendix II and III)
Benzene Emissions From Part "A" Processes.
Chemviron Carbon Ltd, is the only part A process within the Borough boundary. This process is not considered to make a significant contribution to the level of Benzene locally.
The data provided by the Environment Agency indicates that there are no nearby significant sources of benzene from industrial processes outside of the borough boundary.
Benzene Emissions From Part "B" Processes.
None of the currently authorised part B processes are considered to be significant emitters of benzene. However the Esso fuel tank farm on the western margin of the borough, south of Heathrow (figure 8) which is currently being authorised may be a potential source therefore further investigations are necessary.
The data provided by adjacent Local Authorities indicates that there are no nearby sources of benzene emitted from industrial processes outside of the borough boundary.
Major Planned New Developments.
Details of new developments are given in Appendix IV none of which are considered to be significant sources of benzene.
Other Significant Sources of Benzene in Neighbouring Areas
The 1993 emission inventory (BAA 821) submitted to the Terminal 5 Inquiry, indicated that in excess of 54 tonnes of benzene was emitted from airport sources. This is considered significant.
Surveys Or Investigations Undertaken To Obtain Information to Compile the Report.
The information on benzene was derived from exiting sources.
Conclusion
Having considered the above information it is considered that emissions of benzene from the Esso fuel farm and Heathrow Airport may be significant. It is therefore necessary to further investigate the impact of benzene on the Borough. The new information on this pollutant will be presented in the next review and assessment report.
Figure 8 Esso Fuel Tank Farm
1,3-BUTADIENE
Why Are We Concerned About 1,3-Butadiene?
1,3-Butadiene is a carcinogen with no absolutely risk free level defined. The intention is to reduce levels such that they represent an exceedingly small risk to human health.
EPAQS have recommended a standard of 1ppb as an annual mean. This recommendation was adopted by the government within the Air Quality Regulations 1997.
Industrial Processes (Appendices II and III )
1,3-Butadiene Emissions From Part "A" Processes.
None of the part A processes either inside or outside the Borough boundary are considered to make a significant contribution to the level of 1,3-butadiene locally.
1,3-Butadiene Part "B" Processes.
The part B processes both within, and outside the Borough boundary locally are not considered to be significant emitters 1,3-butadiene.
Major Planned New Developments.
Details of new developments are given in Appendix IV, non of which are considered to be significant sources of 1,3-butadiene.
Other Significant Sources Of 1,3-Butadiene In Neighbouring Areas
Records such as the list of part A processes (Appendix II) and the part B list show that there are no other locally occurring sources of 1,3-butadiene.
Surveys Or Investigations Undertaken To Obtain Information To Compile The Report.
The information on 1,3-butadiene was derived from existing sources.
Conclusions
Having considered the above data in the first stage review and assessment for 1,3-butadiene, the risk of exceeding the UK NAQS objective for 2005 is minimal, therefore further review and assessment is not necessary.
LEAD
Why Are We Concerned About Lead?
Lead is a toxic heavy metal which can effect humans by ingestion via food, water, and dust. In high concentrations it can affect the synthesis of haemoglobin, cause acute or chronic damage to the nervous system, effect the kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, joints and reproductive system. Workers in industry, for example in the manufacture of batteries can be exposed to occupational risk and their blood levels are monitored at frequent intervals.
In conditions of low level and long-term exposure such as is found in the general population, the most critical effects are on the nervous system and blood pressure. Subtle effects on the neuropsychological function can occur in children.
WHO have set a guideline value of 0.5 m g.m-3 for lead expressed as an annual average. This recommendation was adopted by the government within the Air Quality Regulations 1997.
Urban Background Concentrations Due To Dispersed Road Transport Sources
1996 Background values of lead in the borough range from 33 ng.m-3 to 65 ng.m-3 (http:\\www.aeat.co.uk/netcen/airqual).
Industrial Sources Appendix II and III.
Lead Emissions from Part "A" Processes
None of the part A processes are considered to make a significant contribution to the level of lead locally.
Lead Emissions from Part "B" Processes
The part B processes both within and nearby the Borough boundary are not considered significant emitters of lead.
Major New Planned Developments
Details of new development is given in Appendix IV, non of which are considered to be significant sources of lead.
Details of any Surveys or Investigations Undertaken to Obtain Information to Compile the Report.
This above information was complied from existing records.
Conclusion
The only appreciable source of lead in the atmosphere in Hounslow was from the use of leaded petrol. Due to the ever increasing use of unleaded petrol this source is no longer significant. Hounslow also has a very low background lead level of 65 ng.m-3 compared to the recommended objective level of 500 ng.m-3.
Having considered the above data in the first stage review and assessment, the risk of exceeding the UK NAQS objective for lead in the year 2005 is minimal. Therefore, further review and assessment of this pollutant is not necessary.
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
Why Are We Concerned About Nitrogen Dioxide?
Combustion in air produces two oxides of the gas nitrogen; the colourless nitrogen oxide (NO) which predominates, and a red-brown nitrogen dioxide (NO2) which occurs in lesser amounts but can be increased in volume by subsequent reactions with oxygen in the atmosphere, particularly ozone. In towns, it is estimated that up to 85% of nitrogen oxides are attributable to road traffic.
Nitrogen dioxide is linked to adverse health effects and it is believed to have damaging effects on lung function and airway responsiveness. It is thought that it may produce changes in lung structure, lung metabolism, lung defence against bacterial infection, and increased reactivity to natural allergens. It may therefore cause additional problems for people affected by respiratory illnesses such as asthma, bronchitis, and emphysema (principally the young and elderly).
EPAQS have recommended a standard of 150 ppb as an hourly mean. This recommendation was adopted by the Government within the Air Quality Regulations 1997. In addition, the regulations introduced a 21 ppb standard expressed as an annual mean.
Review and Assessment of Nitrogen Dioxide
Traffic
Roads with current or projected annual average daily traffic flows greater than 20,000 are considered to emit significant quantities of nitrogen dioxide.
Current.
From traffic monitoring data it is apparent that most of the major roads (both through routes and cross routes) in the borough currently exceed 20,000 AADF and therefore will make a significant contribution to the concentration of nitrogen dioxide in the air. These roads are shown on figure 9 and include the east-west through routes of the M4 motorway, the A4 Bath Road -Great West Road, the A30 Great South West Road, the A316 Country Way-Chertsey Road in their entirety. It can be seen that many of the Borough’s other roads are also affected.
Year 2005 projected.
Based on predictions of likely traffic increase by year 2005 it has been possible to estimate roads exceeding 20,000 AADF and these are shown on figure 10. In addition to those currently affected it is possible to add more of the A315 from the eastern end of the Hounslow High Street extending through to Brentford, and in the west extending further along the Staines Road. The A244 link road to Feltham from the south west and associated side roads become affected, as does the A314 Hounslow Road at Hanworth.
Urban Background Concentrations
1996 nitrogen dioxide background values in the borough range from 17ppb in the west near to 37ppb in the east (http:\\www.aeat.co.uk/netcen/airqual).
Industrial Processes (Appendices II and III)
Nitrogen Dioxide Emissions from Part "A" Processes
Chemviron Carbon Ltd emitted in excess of 12 tonnes of NOX in 1997. This may be significant.
Nitrogen Dioxide Emissions from Part "B" Processes.
The part B processes both within, and outside the Borough boundary are not considered to be significant emitters of nitrogen dioxide.
Within the perimeter of Heathrow Airport (LB Hillingdon) is an authorised heat generation process which may be a significant source.
Major New Planned Developments
There are a number of new developments which may have an impact on the level of nitrogen dioxide within the borough due to the traffic they generate. These are detailed in Appendix IV and shown on figure 5.
Other Significant Sources of Nitrogen Dioxide in Neighbouring Areas
Heathrow Airport is situated at the western end of the London Borough of Hounslow, directly on the borough boundary. The 1993 emissions inventory produced for the Terminal 5 Inquiry estimated that 7497.61 tonnes of NOX were emitted (BAA 821). This is considered significant.
The proximity of major roads in the vicinity of Hounslow may give rise to significant emissions of traffic-derived nitrogen dioxide.
Surveys Or Investigations Undertaken To Obtain Information To Compile The Report.
No specific surveys were carried out in the compilation of this report.
Conclusion
Having considered the information above i.e. road sources in excess of 20,000 vehicle AADF, significant industrial sources, the emissions from Heathrow and the traffic generated from new developments, it is deemed necessary to proceed to a third stage review and assessment for nitrogen dioxide.
Figure 9 Traffic 20,000 AADF in year 1997 ( for NO2 )
Figure 10 Traffic 20,000 AADF in year 2005 ( for NO2 )
Particulate Matter as PM10
Why Are We Concerned About PM10?
Particulate matter or fine dust in the atmosphere is highly variable in size and composition. It can include for example carbon particles from incomplete combustion, ash, re-condensed metallic vapours, and aerosols (so called secondary particles) formed by chemical reactions in the atmosphere. PM10 refers to those particles less than ten microns in diameter, which because of their minute size can settle deep in the lungs and cannot be expelled by exhaling or coughing. The largest source is considered to be road transport which accounts for up to 50% of the total.
Particles are believed to be associated with ill health effects on the respiratory and cardiovascular system. They are also believed to be linked with asthma, and with increased mortality to the most susceptible during pollution episodes. Similarly as for nitrogen dioxide, the high traffic volumes generated by the major roads traversing the borough and the close proximity of Heathrow airport are considered to be a source.
EPAQS have recommended a standard of 50 ppb as a running 24 hour mean. This recommendation was adopted by the government within the Air Quality Regulations 1997.
Review and Assessment of PM10
Traffic
Road links with current or projected annual average daily traffic flows greater than 25,000 are considered emitters of significant quantities of PM10.
Current.
Several roads in the borough currently exceed 25,000 AADF and therefore will be significant emitters of PM10. These are shown on figure 11 and comprise the M4 and A4 across the entire borough. In addition, the A30 where it enters the borough in the west, much of the A312 north-south route, and part of the Hayes Road in the extreme north-west , are similarly affected. More centrally, a small part of the A315 is affected at the junction of Green Lane and Staines Road. On the southern boundary of the borough, the A316 at Hanworth, likewise near Isleworth and in Chiswick are all affected.
For Year 2005 projected.
Based on predictions of likely traffic increase by year 2005 it has been possible to estimate roads exceeding 25,000 AADF and these are shown on figure 12. In addition to those currently affected can be added the part of the A315 linking Isleworth and Brentford, a localised stretch of the A315 at The West Thames College on the London Road, and the north-to-south route at Wellington Road South on the A3063.
Low-level Dispersed Sources (e.g. domestic coal burning) of PM10.
The greater part of the London Borough of Hounslow is covered by smoke control orders issued under the Clean Air Act 1968. Estimates show that the amount of particulate matter emitted by domestic coal burning will be negligible, and there are no coal-fired power stations in the vicinity so this is not considered a significant source (LRC 1996).
Estimated Current Annual Average Urban Background Concentrations
(TEOM Measurement Method)
1996 PM10 background values in the borough ranged from 24m g.m-3 in the west to 26m g.m-3 in the east (http:\\www.aeat.co.uk/netcen/airqual).
Estimated Current Annual Average Secondary Particulate Background Concentrations
The contribution of PM10 from secondary sources is estimated at 11m g.m-3 for the whole area of the borough (http:\\ www.aeat.co.uk/netcen/airqual).
Industrial Processes (Appendix II and III)
PM10 emissions from Part "A" Processes
The part A processes both within, and near the Borough boundary are not considered to be significant emitters of PM10.
PM10 emissions from Part "B" Processes
The part B processes both within and near the Borough boundary are not considered to be significant emitters of PM10.
Major New Planned Developments
There are a number of new developments within the borough which may have an impact on the level of particulate matter due to the traffic they generate. These are detailed in Appendix IV and are shown on figure 5.
Significant Sources of PM10 in the Neighbouring Areas Which Could Impact Significantly Within the Authority’s Area
The 1993 emission inventory produced by BAA for the Heathrow Terminal 5 Inquiry estimated that more than 143 tonnes of PM10 was emitted from within the airport boundary (BAA 821). This is considered significant.
Details Of Any Surveys Or Investigations Undertaken To Obtain Information To Compile The Report
The information above was compiled from exiting sources of information.
Conclusion
Having considered the information above, particularly the emissions from road traffic and those from Heathrow Airport it is considered unlikely that the objective for 2005 for PM10 will be achieved.
It is therefore necessary to proceed to a third stage review and assessment for PM10
Figure 11 Traffic 25,000 AADF in year 1997 ( for PM10 )
Figure 12 Traffic 25,000 AADF in year 2005 (for PM10 )
SULPHUR DIOXIDE
Why Are We Concerned About Sulphur Dioxide?
Sulphur dioxide is primarily associated with the combustion of sulphur-containing fuels such as coal and heavy oils. It is an irritant when inhaled and may cause breathing difficulties at high concentrations. Asthmatics are likely to be particularly susceptible and may experience attacks during sulphur dioxide pollution episodes. Recent research has shown that exposures of the order of minutes have adverse effects on human health. Sulphur dioxide is caused primarily by industrial processes and to a lesser extent by traffic exhaust emissions.
In the first half of this century coal combustion in domestic and industrial sectors led to the smogs and early deaths in the 1950s which gave rise to the clean air act of 1956. Since that time power generation has been concentrated in larger more efficient rural power stations and sulphur dioxide emissions have decreased dramatically. Current contributors are the remaining large power stations, refineries, and other industrial processes.
EPAQS have recommended a standard of 100 ppb as a 15 minute mean. This recommendation was adopted by the government within the Air Quality Regulations 1997.
Review and Assessment of Sulphur Dioxide
Industrial Processes (Appendix II and III)
Sulphur Dioxide Emissions from Part A Processes.
The part A processes both within and bordering the Borough boundary are not considered to be significant emitters of sulphur dioxide.
Sulphur Dioxide Emissions from Part B Processes.
The part B processes both within and bordering the Borough boundary are not considered to be significant emitters of sulphur dioxide.
Emissions Densities From Domestic Combustion And Other Low-Level Dispersed Sources Of Sulphur Dioxide
The level of domestic coal use within the borough is very low, therefore this is not considered a major source of sulphur dioxide (LRC 1996).
Estimated Current Urban Background Concentrations
1996 sulphur dioxide background values in the borough range from 3.6 ppb in the west and near to 6.2 ppb in the east (http:\\ www.aeat.co.uk/netcen/airqual).
Combustion systems with thermal power rating greater than 5 MW using fuels containing significant quantities of Sulphur (i.e. solid fuels or fuel oil)
Consideration has been given to the combustion systems with a rating greater than 5 MW within the borough. The boiler at West Middlesex Hospital is potentially a source of sulphur dioxide as it runs on heavy oil. It should be noted that the hospital site is scheduled for redevelopment and as part of this process, it is proposed to fit new cleaner burning gas fired boiler plant.
Major New Planned Developments
Details of new developments are listed in Appendix IV and are shown on figure 5. None are considered to be significant sources of sulphur dioxide.
Significant Sources Of Sulphur Dioxide in the Neighbouring Areas
The 1993 emission inventory produced for the Heathrow Terminal 5 Inquiry estimated that in excess of 521 tonnes of sulphur dioxide was emitted from within the airport boundary (BAA 821). This is considered to be significant.
Details of any surveys or investigations undertaken to obtain information to compile the report.
The majority of this report was compiled using exiting sources of information however the details of the boilers and the fuels they run on was compiled via a short telephone survey.
Conclusion
Having considered the information above, it is considered unlikely that the objective for 2005 for sulphur dioxide will be achieved.
It is therefore necessary to proceed to a third stage review and assessment for sulphur dioxide.
4.0 CONCLUSIONS
It is clear from the above that the use of motor vehicles and the operation of Heathrow Airport, heavily influence the levels of air pollution in Hounslow. To a lesser extent, the pollution is affected by the operation of industrial processes.
Because of the magnitude of the emissions of some of the pollutants in question it is thought necessary to go directly to a third stage review and assessment omitting the second stage.
This applies to nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, particles as PM10, and sulphur dioxide.
It is also necessary to further investigate and report on the emissions of benzene, focusing on the west of the Borough near the Esso oil terminal. Initially, this will be done by a stage two review and assessment.
When the stage two and three work has been completed a further report will be issued for consultation.
No further action is proposed for the pollutants lead and 1,3-butadiene.
5.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY
a) The United Kingdom National Air Quality Strategy CM 3487, Presented to Parliament, March 1997
b) BAA/821 Technical data submitted by BAA to the Terminal 5 Inquiry.
c) Framework for review and assessment of air quality part IV The Environment Act 1995, Local Air Quality Management, LAQM. G1(97), December 1997. DETR (LONDON Stationery Office)
d) Review and assessment: pollutant specific guidance part IV The Environment Act 1995, Local Air Quality Management, LAQM. TG4(98),August 1998. DETR
e) Quantification of the Effects of Air Pollution on Health in the United Kingdom, Department of Health, Committee on the Medical Effects of Air Pollutants, 1998, (LONDON Stationery Office)
f) London Borough of Hounslow. Transport Policies and Programme 1992/2000 July 1998, Director of Environmental Services, Civic Centre, Lampton Road, Hounslow, Middlesex, TW3 4DN.
g) London Research Centre. London Atmospheric Emissions Inventory Release 2 (April 98)
6.0 GLOSSARY OF TERMS
1,3 Butadiene A gas at normal temperatures deriving from the combustion of petrol and other materials. It is used mainly in the production of synthetic rubber and tyres.
Benzene. A compound of carbon and hydrogen, chemical formula C6H6. A hydrocarbon occurring in the form of a fluid/gas in fuels and solvents. Emissions associated with combustion in vehicles, and evaporation from storage for example at petrol filling stations.
Carbon monoxide A gas composed of carbon and oxygen, chemical formula CO. Formed by incomplete combustion of fuel and therefore associated with road transport.
DETR Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions.
DoE Department of the Environment,(predecessor of DETR).
Lead A grey, dully-lustrous soft metal added to petrol to improve combustion but now being phased out on health grounds.
LRC London Research Centre
mg.m-3 microgrammes per cubic metre
ng.m-3 nanogrammes per cubic metre
Nitrogen oxides Gases occurring in the atmosphere composed of several combinations of nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O2). General chemical formula NOx. The principal component produced from fuel combustion is nitric oxide (NO), but it can convert to the dangerous nitrogen dioxide (NO2) during pollution episodes. Nitrogen dioxide also forms directly from petrol combustion. Nitrogen dioxide is therefore a concern close to heavily-trafficked roads.
Ozone A gas, chemical formula O3 which exists in the higher atmosphere where it serves as an insulator from damaging ultra-violet rays, but at ground level causes respiratory problems. Occurs during pollution episodes. More of a problem in rural areas, and not where formed above cities as there the excess oxygen combines with nitrogen.
Particulate Matter Minute particles derived from a variety of sources including both natural (pollens, dust) and man-made such as smoke from fires and dust from cement works etc. In addition, so-called "secondary" particles can form in the atmosphere during pollution episodes. Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide are concerns in this respect.
ppb parts per billion
ppm parts per million
PM10 Particulate matter of diameter less than 10 microns. These are believed to be capable of penetrating the lungs beyond the larynx, to the detriment of health.
Sulphur dioxide A polluting gas, chemical formula SO2 formed by sulphur emissions from coal or fuel oil burning industrial processes, combining in the atmosphere with oxygen.
7 APPENDICES
APPENDIX I TRAFFIC VOLUMES DATA
APPENDIX II PART "A" PROCESSES (Environment Agency)
APPENDIX III PART "B" PROCESSES (Local Authority)
APPENDIX IV FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
APPENDIX V UKNAQS OBJECTIVES.
APPENDIX VI CONTACT DETAILSAPPENDIX I
TRAFFIC VOLUMES DATA
LONDON BOROUGH OF HOUNSLOW - Traffic & Parking Section
Data as at 30 November 1998
Combined directions
Easting |
Northing |
ROAD NAME |
BETWEEN |
AADF 1997 |
PROJECTIONS for 2005 |
MAP No. |
519100 |
178160 |
Chiswick High Rd w/o A3000 | Wellesley Rd & Kew Bdge Ct | 39000 |
44500 |
1 |
519260 |
178280 |
Chiswick High Rd e/o A3000 | Clarence & Wellesley Rds | 35400 |
40400 |
2 |
509410 |
171370 |
Chertsey Rd | Hamilton & Groveley Rds | 10500 |
12000 |
3 |
509950 |
172270 |
High St Feltham | Spring & Sunbury Rds | 18300 |
20900 |
4 |
510760 |
173480 |
Hounslow Rd Feltham | Fern Grove & New Rd | 19200 |
21900 |
5 |
510980 |
174120 |
Hounslow Rd Feltham | Baber Drive & Carlton Ave | 15100 |
17200 |
6 |
507659 |
173231 |
Staines Rd w/o Clockhouse rdbt | Clockhouse rdbt & Harrow Rd | 31400 |
35900 |
7 |
510000 |
175530 |
Great Sth West Rd w/o A312 | Girling & Dick Turpin Ways | 46900 |
53600 |
8 |
511000 |
176100 |
Great Sth West Rd e/o A312 | Henlys rdbt & Grantley Rd | 32100 |
36700 |
9 |
515985 |
175100 |
Twickenham Rd s/o South St | Chestnut Gve & Dawes Ave | 25300 |
28900 |
10 |
516210 |
176140 |
Twickenham Rd n/o South St | Linkfield & St Johns Rds | 24300 |
27700 |
11 |
512920 |
172000 |
Hampton Rd East | Country Way & Sainsbury's access | 33700 |
38500 |
12 |
512465 |
172292 |
Hampton Rd West | Popham Close & York Way | 26200 |
29900 |
13 |
511750 |
172760 |
Uxbridge Rd | Wigley & Eastbourne Rds | 30100 |
34400 |
14 |
511120 |
173330 |
Harlington Rd East | Kings Rd & Hanworth Rd | 29300 |
33500 |
15 |
510750 |
174000 |
Harlington Rd West | Helen Ave & The Dell | 26200 |
29900 |
16 |
510300 |
175080 |
The Causeway | Green Man Lane & Faggs Rd | 19600 |
22400 |
17 |
510880 |
176400 |
The Parkway s/o A4 | Woodfield Rd access roads | 45400 |
51800 |
18 |
510400 |
178000 |
The Parkway s/o M4 | M4 junc 3 & High St | 53700 |
61300 |
19 |
510470 |
178390 |
The Parkway n/o M4 | North Hyde Rd & M4 junc 3 | 56100 |
64100 |
20 |
511910 |
172100 |
Hounslow Rd Hanworth s/o A312 | Winslow Way & Swift Way | 15500 |
17700 |
21 |
512310 |
172980 |
Hounslow Rd Hanworth n/o A312 | Saxon Ave & canal bridge | 19500 |
22300 |
22 |
513210 |
174440 |
Hanworth Rd Hounslow w/o Bell Rd | Heliers Ave & St Stephens Rd | 13500 |
15400 |
23 |
513500 |
174920 |
Hanworth Rd Hounslow w/o Bell Rd | Hibernia Rd & Hibernia Gdns | 15900 |
18200 |
24 |
508140 |
173460 |
Staines Rd e/o Clockhouse rdbt | Spinney Dve & Clockse rdbt | 17300 |
19800 |
25 |
510080 |
174200 |
Staines Rd w/o A312 | Shakesp Ave & Englehea Dve | 17500 |
20000 |
26 |
510800 |
174430 |
Staines Rd e/o A312 | The Vale & Harl Rd West | 12800 |
14600 |
27 |
511320 |
174600 |
Staines Rd w/o A3063 | Green Lane & Hounslow Rd | 26200 |
29900 |
28 |
511920 |
174920 |
Staines Rd w/o A3063 | Barrack Rd & Green Lane | 21000 |
24000 |
29 |
512990 |
175330 |
Staines Rd e/o A3063 | Cromwell Rd & Wivenhoe Ct | 16600 |
19000 |
30 |
| Easting | Northing | ROAD NAME | BETWEEN | AADF 1997 | PROJECTIONS for 2005 | MAP no. |
514110 |
175750 |
Hanworth Rd Hounslow e/o Bell Rd | Inwood & Fairholme Rds | 19400 |
22200 |
32 |
515000 |
176235 |
London Rd w/o Spring Grove Rd | Thornbury Rd & Star Rd | 19700 |
22500 |
33 |
515270 |
176410 |
London Rd e/o Spring Grove Rd | Harvard Rd & Sidmouth Ave | 22000 |
25100 |
34 |
515800 |
176470 |
London Rd w/o A310 | Amhurst Gdns & Linkfiel Rd | 18600 |
21200 |
35 |
517220 |
177260 |
London Rd e/o A310 | Beech Ave & Commerce Lane | 23100 |
26400 |
36 |
518800 |
178000 |
Kew Bridge Rd | Grn Drag Lane & North St | 23000 |
26300 |
37 |
519900 |
178470 |
Chiswick High Rd w/o A3000 | Burlington Rd & Silver Cres | 25000 |
28500 |
38 |
520030 |
178500 |
Chiswick High Rd w/o A3000 | Marlborough Rd & Burl Rd | 26500 |
30300 |
39 |
521000 |
178500 |
Chiswick High Rd e/o A3000 | Windmill Rd & Linden Gdns | 20900 |
23900 |
40 |
521700 |
178600 |
Netherav Rd & Airedale Ave | 30300 |
34600 |
41 |
|
511000 |
171000 |
Country Way s/o A314 | Feltham Hill Rd & Park Rd | 70300 |
80300 |
42 |
512000 |
171780 |
Country Way n/o A314 | Houn Rd & slips to Hamp Rd | 63600 |
72600 |
43 |
513295 |
172459 |
Great Chertsey Rd | Hospital Bge Rd & Hamp Rd | 55000 |
62800 |
44 |
521000 |
177230 |
Alexandra Ave | Staveley Rd & Edensor Rd | 36600 |
41800 |
45 |
521510 |
178240 |
Chiswick Lane Nth | Wilton Ave & Dorchester Gve | 14900 |
17000 |
46 |
519770 |
178240 |
Wellesley Rd | Burlington Rd & Oxford Rd N | 6800 |
7800 |
47 |
517600 |
177710 |
Boston Manor Rd s/o A4 | The Butts & Somerset Rd | 12500 |
14300 |
48 |
517410 |
177830 |
Boston Manor Rd s/o A4 | Orchard Rd & The Dell | 9700 |
11100 |
49 |
516850 |
178430 |
Boston Manor Rd n/o A4 | Swyncombe Ave & Manor Vale | 18400 |
21000 |
50 |
513720 |
175630 |
Bell Rd | Grove Rd & Hanworth Rd | 9000 |
10300 |
51 |
513710 |
176550 |
Lampton Rd | Conco Clse & Bulstrode Ave | 14400 |
16400 |
52 |
513560 |
176210 |
Lampton Rd | Avonwick Rd & Sunnycft Rd | 15300 |
17500 |
53 |
513600 |
177030 |
Heston Rd n/o A4 | Sutton Rd & Alderney Ave | 15100 |
17200 |
54 |
513170 |
177940 |
Heston Rd near Ealing BB | Fern Lane & Ferraro Clse | 22400 |
25600 |
55 |
512000 |
176200 |
Bath Rd w/o A3063 | Vicarage Fm Rd & Manor Ave | 20600 |
23500 |
56 |
513000 |
175720 |
Bath Rd e/o A3063 | Clipston Rd & Strafford Rd | 13400 |
15300 |
57 |
513130 |
174440 |
Wellington Rd Sth | Heliers Ave & Hanworth Rd | 18300 |
20900 |
58 |
512860 |
175030 |
Wellington Rd Sth | Cobbs Rd & Roseheath Rd | 21900 |
25000 |
59 |
512720 |
175670 |
Wellington Rd Nth | Bath Rd & Grosvenor Rd | 20100 |
23000 |
60 |
512820 |
176200 |
Sutton Lane Heston | Wesley Ave & Bulstrode Ave | 16500 |
18800 |
61 |
513020 |
177200 |
Church Rd Heston | Sonia Gdns & Eldon Ave | 10900 |
12400 |
62 |
510560 |
176780 |
Bath Rd w/o A312 | The Avenue & Firs Drive | 25900 |
29600 |
63 |
511000 |
176600 |
Bath Rd e/o A312 | Rectory Rd & Parkway | 35700 |
40800 |
64 |
511580 |
176370 |
Bath Rd w/o junc A4 and A3006 | GWR/Bath Rd & Henlys rdbt | 64400 |
73500 |
65 |
| Easting | Northing | ROAD NAME | BETWEEN | AADF 1997 | PROJECTIONS for 2005 | MAP no. |
512000 |
176440 |
Springwell Rd & Broad Walk | 41100 |
46900 |
66 |
|
513400 |
176760 |
Lampton Rd & Sutton Lane | 39500 |
45100 |
67 |
|
515000 |
177200 |
Osterley Rd & Thornbury Rd | 48400 |
55300 |
68 |
|
518000 |
178300 |
Clayponds Ave & Ealing Rd | 43300 |
49400 |
69 |
|
519000 |
178500 |
Lionel Rd & Interchang Way | 47700 |
54500 |
70 |
|
519500 |
178240 |
M4 junc 1 & Gunners rdbt | 13200 |
15100 |
71 |
|
520000 |
178000 |
Sutton Lane & M4 junc 1 | 103500 |
118200 |
72 |
|
521600 |
178030 |
Hogarth rdbt & British Gve | 104400 |
119200 |
73 |
|
519330 |
178800 |
Larch Drive & Manor Gdns | 46700 |
53300 |
74 |
|
514100 |
178440 |
junc 2 & 3 | 103400 |
118100 |
75 |
|
518600 |
178300 |
M4 1-2 | junc 1 & 2 | 92400 |
105500 |
76 |
513840 |
174820 |
Whitton Rd | Station Rd & Hounslow Ave | 10600 |
12100 |
77 |
514430 |
176530 |
Spring Gve Rd | Worton Way & Gresham Rd | 9400 |
10700 |
78 |
508580 |
171760 |
Ashford Rd | The Clumps & Challenge Rd | 8900 |
10200 |
79 |
507620 |
172470 |
Clockhouse Lane | Ascot Rd & BB | 19500 |
22300 |
80 |
509870 |
173540 |
Bedfont Lane | Fruen Rd & Shore Close | 9600 |
11000 |
81 |
517580 |
177900 |
Windmill Rd | Orchard & Hamilton Rds | 4500 |
5100 |
82 |
515390 |
178100 |
Windmill Lane | BB & Osterley Lane | 16100 |
18400 |
83 |
517990 |
178080 |
Ealing Rd | Layton Rd & New Rd | 13500 |
15400 |
84 |
520370 |
178600 |
Acton Lane | Bollo Lane & Chiswick Rd | 20700 |
23600 |
85 |
521210 |
178800 |
Turnham Gn Tce | Bath Rd & Thornton Ave | 12000 |
13700 |
86 |
508780 |
172820 |
Bedfont Road | Clockhse rdbt & Raleigh Rd | 17100 |
19500 |
87 |
514790 |
175900 |
Bridge Rd | London Rd & Pears Rd | 12300 |
14000 |
88 |
510660 |
172810 |
Browells Lane | The Green & Mono Lane | 5000 |
5700 |
89 |
511280 |
177450 |
Cranford Lane | Aerodrome Way & Brabazon Dve | 11500 |
13100 |
90 |
509056 |
174517 |
Hatton Rd | Orchard Ave & Cains Lane | 5900 |
6700 |
91 |
511300 |
178800 |
Hayes Rd | BB & Wentworth Rd | 25800 |
29500 |
92 |
514250 |
176120 |
Kingsley Rd | Myrtle Rd & Cecil Rd | 13200 |
15100 |
93 |
518290 |
178820 |
Lionel Rd | Popes Lane & GWR | 6000 |
6900 |
94 |
508900 |
174150 |
New Rd Bedfont | Staines Rd & Page Rd | 3600 |
4100 |
95 |
520300 |
177660 |
Sutton Ct Rd | Chesterfield Rd & Fauconberg Rd | 11900 |
13600 |
96 |
519640 |
177630 |
Thames Rd | Magnolia Rd & Oliver Clse | 6000 |
6900 |
97 |
Produced by Traffic & Parking Section on 26 January 1999
APPENDIX II
PART "A" PROCESSES (Environment Agency)
District |
Operator |
Address |
Postcode |
Easting |
Northing |
Ealing |
Geo W Neale Ltd | Victoria Road Willesden London | NW10 6NG |
5211 |
1819 |
Ealing |
Inco Europe Ltd | Bashley Road London | NW10 6SN |
5209 |
1824 |
Harrow |
Colart Fine Art And Graphics Ltd | Whitefriars Avenue Harrow | HA3 5RH |
5151 |
1900 |
Harrow |
Kodak Ltd | Headstone Drive Harrow | HA1 4TY |
5150 |
1896 |
Hillingdon |
Astor-Stag Ltd | Tavistock Road West Drayton | UB7 7RA |
5057 |
1803 |
Hillingdon |
Astor-Stag Ltd | Tavistock Road West Drayton | UB7 7RA |
5057 |
1803 |
Hillingdon |
Clinical Energy Ltd | The Hillingdon Hospital Trust Pield Heath Road Uxbridge | UB8 3NN |
5068 |
1820 |
Hillingdon |
Heathrow Airport Ltd | Heathrow Point West, 234 Bath Road Harlington | UB3 5AP |
5082 |
1768 |
Hillingdon |
Nestle (UK) Ltd | Nestles Avenue Hayes | UB3 4RF |
5100 |
1791 |
Hillingdon |
West Middlesex Plating Co Ltd | Unit 5 Chartridge Development Eskdale Road Uxbridge | UB8 2RT |
5045 |
1831 |
Hillingdon |
Hawker Pacific Aerospace Inc | Heathrow Airport TBA S337 PO Box 10 Hounslow | TW6 2JA |
5095 |
1765 |
Hounslow |
Chemviron Carbon Ltd | Kempton Park Water Treatment Works, Feltham Hill Road Hanworth | TW13 6XH |
5110 |
1709 |
Slough |
S Grundon (Services) Limited | Lakeside Road Slough | SL3 0EG |
5040 |
1774 |
S. Bucks |
South Bucks Estates Ltd | Pyebush Lane Beaconsfield | HP9 2RX |
4954 |
1896 |
Elmbridge |
Walton Plating Ltd | 118 Ashley Road Walton-On-Thames | KT12 1HN |
5102 |
1660 |
Slough |
Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | ICI Paints Wexham Road Slough | SL2 5DS |
4983 |
1803 |
Slough |
Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | ICI Paints Wexham Road Slough | SL2 5DS |
4983 |
1803 |
Slough |
Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | ICI Paints Wexham Road Slough | SL2 5DS |
4983 |
1803 |
Slough |
Slough Heat And Power Ltd | 342 Edinburgh Road Slough | SL1 4TU |
4954 |
1806 |
Spelthorne |
BP Solar Ltd | Unit 12 Brooklands Close Sunbury-On-Thames | TW16 7DX |
5094 |
1699 |
APPENDIX III
PART B PROCESSES
Company |
Address |
Postcode |
Easting |
Northing |
Process |
| Ready Mix Concrete (London) Ltd | Transport Avenue, Brentford Goods Yard, Gt West Rd, Middx | TW8 9HQ | 516500 |
178100 |
Blending, packing and loading of bulk cement |
| Pioneer Willment Concrete Ltd | Twickenham Trading Centre, Rugby Road, Twickenham Middx | TW1 1DQ | 515500 |
174400 |
Blending, packing and loading of bulk cement |
| Promix Concrete Services Ltd | Challenge Road, Ashford | TW15 1AX | 508500 |
172000 |
Blending, packing and loading of bulk cement |
| Gillette UK Ltd | Great West Road, Isleworth | TW7 5NP | Coating process | ||
| Marlin Lighting Ltd | Hanworth Trading Estate, Hampton Road West, Feltham | TW13 6DR | 512300 |
172200 |
Coating process including metal degreasing |
| Day and Sons Ltd | Transport Ave ,Great West Road, Brentford, Middx | TW8 9HQ | N/A |
N/A |
Mobile concrete crushing process |
| Day and Sons Ltd | Transport Avenue, Brentford Goods Yard, Gt West Rd, Middx | TW8 9HQ | N/A |
N/A |
Mobile concrete crushing process |
| Southwest Middlesex Crematorium Board | Hounslow Road, Hanworth, Feltham | TW13 5JH | 512100 |
173200 |
Crematoria |
| Military Survey | Elmwood Avenue, Feltham, Middx | TW13 7AH | 510700 |
172500 |
General waste incineration <1 tonne/hr |
| Day and Sons Ltd | Transport Ave, Great West Road, Brentford, Middx | TW8 9HQ | 516500 |
178300 |
Permanent concrete crusher |
| Courtstead Ltd | 32-36 Bath Road, Hounslow, Middx | TW3 3EF | N/A |
N/A |
Mobile concrete crusher |
| TD Haulage Ltd | Bedfont Road Industrial Estate, Bedfont Road, Bedfont | TW15 3SQ | N/A |
N/A |
Mobile concrete crusher |
| Bardon Roadstone Ltd | Transport Avenue, Brentford Goods Yard, Gt West Rd, Middx | TW8 9HQ | 516500 |
178100 |
Quarry process & Roadstone coating |
| Tarmac Quarry Products Ltd | Transport Avenue, Brentford Goods Yard, Gt West Rd, Middx | TW8 9HQ | 516500 |
178100 |
Quarry process & Roadstone coating |
| Exclusive Workshops PLC | 1-3 Marlborough Road, Chiswick | W4 4HS | 520100 |
178400 |
Respraying of road vehicles |
| Fleetspeed Coachworks | 14 Mount Road, Hanworth, Middx | TW13 6AS | 512100 |
172400 |
Respraying of road vehicles |
| Feltham Coachworks Ltd | 585 London Road, Isleworth | TW7 4EJ | 515100 |
176200 |
Respraying of road vehicles |
| North Star Garage Ltd | 69 Whitton Road, Hounslow Middx | TW3 2DG | 513800 |
174900 |
Respraying of road vehicles |
Company |
Address |
Postcode |
Easting |
Northing |
Process |
| Auto Accident Repair Centre Ltd | Amberley Way, Green Lane, Hounslow | TW4 6BH | 511400 |
174900 |
Respraying of road vehicles |
| RBM Motors | Canal Yard, Hayes Road, Middx | UB2 5NA | 510700 |
178900 |
Respraying of road vehicles |
| Warrick Wright Motors Ltd | Clitheroes Lock, 2 Transport Avenue, Brentford, Middx | TW8 9HF | 516800 |
177700 |
Respraying of road vehicles |
| L.E. Hall Ltd | Hanworth Trading Estate, Hampton Road, West Hanworth, Middx | TW13 6DN | 512300 |
172200 |
Respraying of road vehicles |
| Unigate Dairies Ltd | Transport Office, Popham Close, Hanworth Middx | TW13 6JF | 512500 |
172100 |
Respraying of road vehicles |
| DM Automobile Repairs | Unit 26, Ashford Industrial Estate, Shield Road, Ashford | TW15 1AU | 506200 |
171800 |
Respraying of road vehicles |
| Mercedez Benz Ltd | Unit 5B Lionel Road Brentford Middx | TW8 | 518500 |
178200 |
Respraying of road vehicles |
| Motor Service Centre Ltd | Unit 6 Bullsbridge Industrial Estate, Hayes Road, Southall, Middx | UB2 5NB | 510600 |
178900 |
Respraying of road vehicles |
| Pond and Sharman Coachworks Ltd. | Browells Lane, Feltham, Middx | TW13 7EQ | 510700 |
172700 |
Respraying of road vehicles |
| Car Comm. Coachworks | 19 Pulborough Way, Green Lane, Hounslow, Middx | TW4 6DE | 511300 |
175100 |
Respraying of road vehicles |
| Hall Autos Ltd | The Ham, Brentway, Middx | TW8 8ES | 517400 |
177200 |
Waste oil burner <0.4MW |
| Tower Demolition Ltd | 264 Hanworth Road, Hounslow, Middx | TW3 3TY | N/A |
N/A |
Mobile concrete crushing process |
| Elf Oil UK Ltd | 137-143 Chiswick High Road, Chiswick, London | W4 4HS | 521200 |
178500 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| London Concrete Ltd | Transport Ave, Brentford, Middx | TW8 9HP | 516500 |
178100 |
Blending,packing and loading of bulk cement |
| Day Aggregates | Transport Ave, Brentford, Middx | TW8 9HQ | N/A |
N/A |
Mobile concrete crushing process |
| Volvo Pendragon | 207-209 Worton Road, Isleworth, Middx | TW7 6EJ | 515700 |
175500 |
Respraying of road vehicles |
| Tesco PLC | High Street, Feltham, Middx | TW13 4EX | 510400 |
172700 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Tesco PLC | Faggs road, Feltham, Middx | TW13 | 510200 |
174600 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
Company |
Address |
Postcode |
Easting |
Northing |
Process |
| Roe Roads Ltd | Canal House, Catherine Wheel Road, Brentford, Middx | TW8 8BD | N/A |
N/A |
Mobile concrete crushing process |
| Citroen U.K. Ltd | Citroen London West, Capital Interchange Way, Brentford, Middx | TW8 0EW | 519100 |
178300 |
Respraying of road vehicles |
| Texaco Ltd | Westgate, Great West Road, Brentford, Middx | TW8 9BS | 517900 |
178300 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Tesco Ltd | Syon Lane, Isleworth, Middx | TW8 9BS | 515800 |
177500 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Tesco Ltd | Bullsbridge Trading Estate, Hayes Road, Southall, Middx | UB2 5LD | 510600 |
179000 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Tesco Ltd | Mogden Lane, Isleworth, Middx | TW7 7JY | 515600 |
174600 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Esso Petroleum Ltd | 1 Great West Road, Chiswick, London | W4 5QJ | 519200 |
178300 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Esso Petroleum Ltd | Clockhouse Lane, Bedfont, Middx | TW14 8RD | 507900 |
173300 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Esso Petroleum Ltd | 336/342 Staines Road, Hounslow, Middx | TW4 5BX | 512500 |
175100 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Esso Petroleum Ltd | 210 Bath Road, Hounslow, Middx | TW4 7DE | 512400 |
175900 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Total Oil Great Britain Ltd | 403-405 Twickenham Road, Isleworth, Middx | TW7 7ES | 515900 |
175100 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| BP Oil UK Ltd | Hatton Cross Station, Great South West Road, Feltham | TW14 0PR | 509600 |
175200 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| BP Oil UK Ltd | Ravenscroft Stn, 481 Great West Road, Hounslow, Middx | TW5 0TA | 513800 |
176800 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| BP Oil UK Ltd | Henleys Roundabout, Bath Road, Hounslow, Middx | TW5 9AU | 511500 |
176400 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Yarl Petroleum Ltd | 632 London Road, Isleworth, Middx | TW7 4EY | 514700 |
176100 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Conoco Ltd (Jet) | 47 Hounslow Road, Hanworth, Middx | TW13 6QA | 511800 |
171900 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Texaco Ltd | 1 Great West Road, Hounslow, Middx | TW5 9AN | 511700 |
176300 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
Company |
Address |
Postcode |
Easting |
Northing |
Process |
| Texaco Ltd | The Dome, Great West Road, Brentford, Middx | TW8 9AP | 516900 |
177800 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Conoco Ltd (Jet) | 410 High Street, Brentford, Middx | TW8 0DU | 518600 |
179900 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Shell UK Ltd | 331 Great West Road, Hounslow, Middx | TW5 0DH | 513000 |
176600 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Shell UK Ltd | Hounslow Road, Feltham, Middx | TW14 9AT | 510700 |
173500 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Shell UK Ltd | Shell Syon Hill, Great West Road, Isleworth, Middx | TW7 5NU | 516200 |
177300 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Shell UK Ltd | 882 Great West Road, Isleworth, Middx | TW7 4DA | 516200 |
177400 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Shell UK Ltd | 493-497 London Road, Isleworth, Middx | TW7 4DA | 515400 |
176400 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Shell UK Ltd | 270 Heston Road, Heston, Middx | TW5 0RG | 513100 |
177800 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Fina | Baber Bridge Service Station, 13 Staines Road, Feltham, Middx | TW14 0HW | 511000 |
174500 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Shell UK Ltd | 74 Country Way, Hanworth, Middx | TW13 6QW | 512100 |
171800 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Granada Road Services | Heston Services Westbound, M4 J2/3 Phoenix Way, Hounslow | TW5 9NB | 512300 |
177700 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Granada Road Services | Heston Services Eastbound, M4 J2/3 Phoenix Way, Hounslow | TW5 9NB | 512200 |
177800 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Solus (Carstar ) Ltd | North Hyde Wharf, Hayes Road, Southall, Middx | UB2 | 511200 |
178800 |
Respraying of road vehicles |
| Fina Plc | 59 High Street, Feltham, Middx | TW13 4DF | 510400 |
172700 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Fina PLC | 372 Goldhawk Road, Hammersmith, London | W6 0XF | 521900 |
178900 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Murco Service Station | 641/3 Staines Road, Bedfont, Middx | TW14 8PA | 508600 |
173600 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Murco Service Station | Hayes Road, Southall, Middx | UB2 5LZ | 510700 |
178900 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Rex Filling Station | 28 Hampton Road West, Hanworth, Middx | TW13 6AY | 512200 |
172400 |
Unloading of petrol into storage at petrol stations |
| Esso Petroleum Co Ltd | West London Terminal, Bedfont Road, Stanwell, Middx | TW19 7LZ | 517100 |
173600 |
Recovery of petrol vapour at storage terminal |
APPENDIX IVRECENT AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS WHICH MIGHT AFFECT AIR QUALITY
Easting |
Northing |
DESCRIPTION |
ADDRESS |
PARKING SPACES |
|
1 |
5073 |
1739 |
Offices &
Warehouse
|
Esso West, Broad View Estate, Bedfont Road, Stanwell. | 356 |
2 |
5102 |
1746 |
Retail food store & petrol filling station. | Tesco Superstore, Dukes Green Ave., Feltham. | 432 |
3 |
5160 |
1747 |
Retail
development
|
Ivybridge Shopping Centre, Twickenham. | 235 |
4 |
5126 |
1747 |
161 houses on former Govt training centre. | Avondale Gardens, Hounslow. | 242 |
5 |
5169 |
1779 |
SmithKline Beecham Headquarters Offices. | Former Rank Audio-Visual site, Great West Road, Brentford. | 1055 |
6 |
5171 |
1780 |
SmithKline Beecham, Headquarters Offices. | Former TRICO and P & O site, Great West Road, Brentford. | |
7 |
5114 |
1755 |
Mixed
warehousing, industrial & offices. |
Former Beavers Lane Camp, Beavers Lane, Hounslow. | 183 ( 1st phase) |
8 |
5124 |
1737 |
Light Industrial, & warehousing. | Former Feltham Marshalling Yards, Hanworth Road. | 158 (1st phase) |
9 |
5081 |
1730 |
Commercial | Lakeshore Develpmt, Bedfont. | 1229 |
10 |
5082 |
1732 |
Technopark West | Bedfont Road. | 512 |
11 |
5089 |
1729 |
Technopark East | Bedfont Road. | 656 |
12 |
5198 |
1786 |
Offices | Chiswick Business Park. | 1701 |
13 |
5139 |
1758 |
Mixed retail, leisure | Key site 1, Hounslow. | 920 |
14 |
5109 |
1728 |
Leisure Complex | Browells Lane, Feltham. | 750 |
15 |
5092 |
1711 |
BP Research | Chertsey Road, Sunbury. | 3000 |
APPENDIX V
NAQS STANDARDS AND OBJECTIVES
Standards and Objectives from the National Air Quality Strategy (DoE, CM3587, March 1997)
Pollutant |
Standard |
Measured as |
Objective to be achieved by 2005 |
Benzene |
5 ppb |
running annual mean |
5 ppb |
1,3 Butadiene |
1 ppb |
running annual mean |
1 ppb |
Carbon monoxide |
10 ppm |
running 8 hour mean |
10 ppm |
Lead |
0.5 m g/m3 |
annual mean |
0.5 m g/m3 |
Nitrogen dioxide |
150 ppb |
1 hour mean |
150 ppb * |
21 ppb |
annual mean |
21 ppb * |
|
Ozone |
50 ppb |
running 8 hour mean |
50 ppb, measured as the 97th percentile * |
Fine particles (PM10) |
50 m g/m3 |
running 24hr mean |
50 m g/m3 measured as 99th percentile |
Sulphur dioxide |
100 ppb |
15 minute mean |
100 ppb measured as the 99.9th percentile |
* provisional |
APPENDIX VI
CONTACT DETAILS
| Mr R. Gibson Strategy and Service Quality Environmental Services Civic Centre Lampton Road Hounslow TW3 4DN |
Mr P. Robson Strategy and Service Quality Environmental Services Civic Centre Lampton Road Hounslow TW3 4DN |
| Tel: 0208 862 6977 Fax: 0208 862 5451 mail: lbh.environ@dial.pipex.com |
Tel: 0208 862 6465 Fax: 0208 862 5451 Email: lbh.environ@dial.pipex.com |
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